Which indicates that for the photoelectric effect, the frequency of incident radiation or incident photon should be equal to or greater than the threshold frequency. Theory which assumes that emission of energy is a continuous process. If the radiation is of frequency ν, each quantum has energy where h is Planck’s constant. These packets are called quanta or photons. According to this theory, radiation from a source is not emitted continuously, but it is emitted in packets or bundles of energy. The quantum theory was proposed by Max Planck. ![]() Using particle or quantum nature of radiation we can explain the phenomenon of photoelectric effect and Crompton effect. ![]() Quantum of light is called a photon and thus he established the particle nature of light. Max Planck proved that the propagation of light or energy takes place in the form of packets of energy called quanta. But it failed to explain the energy distribution and modern phenomenon like photoelectric effect, Crompton effect, etc. Wave theory was able to explain all the phenomena associated with the propagation of light. Thus the wave nature of light was established. This drawback was removed by Maxwell he proposed that light is an electromagnetic wave and for the propagation of electromagnetic waves no material medium is required. It was not able to explain the propagation of light in a vacuum. ![]() Christian Huygen’s proposed that the light is propagated in the form of a wave.
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